Johns Hopkins Applied Physics Laboratory (APL) is a not-for-profit division of Johns Hopkins University that focuses on research and development in national security, space exploration, and health. They generate revenue through government contracts, grants, and partnerships with various defense and space agencies. Established in 1942, APL has a rich history of innovation, including contributions to missile defense systems and space missions like New Horizons. Their work spans from developing advanced technologies to solving complex engineering challenges, making them a key player in scientific and technological advancements.